Access to home gardens and parks could play a role in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes, according to new research from the University of Queensland (UQ).

The UQ-led study found that people with substantial gardens at home had a 6.8% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than those without gardens. Living close to several parks was also associated with a lower risk, with people in these areas found to be 5.7% less likely to have the condition.

Lead author Dr Chinonso Odebeatu, who conducted the research at UQ’s School of Public Health, observes that the findings highlight the need to include access to green space in urban planning strategies.

“Current housing challenges means there are more high-density residential dwellings under development, and this research shows public health considerations need to be prioritised when planning green spaces,” Dr Odebeatu says.

“The evidence shows having a garden is more than just aesthetics, because people’s health will be impacted if green space isn’t factored into residential developments.

“Our research also found having several parks closer to home was highly beneficial when it came to reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes, highlighting the importance of public green spaces such as community gardens and parks.”

The study examined data from more than 19,000 participants in the UK Biobank. Researchers assessed access to green space around participants’ homes, including residential gardens and parks located within 800 metres.

UQ Associate Professor Nicholas Osborne notes that several factors could help explain the relationship between green space and diabetes risk, including increased opportunities for physical activity and time outdoors.

“Along with physical activity, being outside in a garden also helps with vitamin D levels and the restorative aspects of being outside, which can greatly benefit mental health,” Dr Osborne shares.

“Being outdoors also exposes people to a range of microbes that improve gut health and boost the immune system.”

With more than 500 million people worldwide currently living with diabetes and projections suggesting that figure could reach 1.31 billion by 2050, these findings reinforce the importance of incorporating public health considerations into urban development.

“Because the decisions we make today will impact our future health,” adds Dr Osborne.

The research was undertaken in collaboration with the Channing Division of Network Medicine and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, as well as Portland State University.

Image: Epiximages / Adobe (Supplied)

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